Views: 1793 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2021-12-06 Origin: Site
Laser cutters can cut most materials with very few exceptions. Some of the materials that can be cut with a laser cutter are:
Carbon steel
Stainless steel
Aluminum
Copper
Based on the above metals, let's discuss what is the maximum cutting thickness at 1000W power?
Carbon steel is an iron-carbon alloy containing 0.0218% to 2.11% carbon, also called carbon steel. Generally, it also contains a small amount of silicon, manganese, sulfur and phosphorus. Generally, the higher the carbon content in carbon steel, the greater the hardness and strength,but the lower the plasticity.
Next, we analyze how the fiber laser cutting machine can better cut carbon steel?
If the cutting speed is too fast, may cause the following consequences may not be able to cut through, sparking messy spray some areas can be cut through, but some areas can not cut through the entire section is coarser cutting section is a diagonal stripe path, and the lower half of the dissolution of stains.
The speed is too slow; resulting in over-melting, the cutting surface is rougher cut wider, the sharp corner parts of the entire melting affect cutting efficiency.
2. The impact of auxiliary gas on the cutting quality
Gas helps heat dissipation and combustion, blow off the melting stains, improve the quality of the cutting surface.
3. Gas pressure
When the gas pressure is not enough, the impact on cutting cutting surface melt stains cutting speed can not be increased, affecting efficiency; gas pressure is too high, the impact on the cutting quality; airflow is too large, the cutting surface is thicker and wider seam; airflow is too large, resulting in cutting part of the melting (burning corner), can not form a good cutting quality.
4. The effect of auxiliary gas on perforation
When the auxiliary gas pressure is too low, the effect on the cutting quality; gas pressure is too low, it is not easy to penetrate, and the time grows; when the auxiliary gas pressure is too high, the effect on the cutting quality; when the gas pressure is too high, it causes the penetration point to melt and form a large melting point. So the pressure of thin plate perforation is higher, and thick plate is lower.
5. Laser power has a decisive influence on the cutting process and quality
Too little power, no cutting
Too much power and the entire cutting surface melts
Not enough power, melt stains after cutting
Conclusion: Oxygen cutting carbon steel, stable cutting small round hole tips!
When cutting carbon steel workpieces, it is often encountered to cut round holes smaller than the thickness of the plate. When cutting small round holes, the cutting speed can not be loaded to the normal speed when cutting a straight line, therefore, then debug cutting small round holes is to be separate from the normal cutting parameters for debugging. Cutting smaller than the plate thickness of the round hole and the normal parameters of the round hole separate debugging, use different layers; use pre-piercing holes to prevent small round hole over-burning melting (it is recommended to use pre-piercing holes for carbon steel above 6mm); lead the corner of the use of arc transition to prevent the plate to absorb too much heat, resulting in corner over-burning; use according to the speed of "real-time power adjustment ", according to the real-time speed when cutting small round holes automatically adjust the cutting power.
Stainless steel plate has no rust, corrosion resistance as the main characteristics, and the chromium content is at least 10.5%.
Nowadays, the laser cutting stainless steel thick plate process is becoming more and more mature, and will gradually replace the traditional cutting process. In order to cut high-quality thick stainless steel plates, it is necessary to fully understand the elements of the cutting process.
Let's analyze what are the elements of laser cutting machine for stainless steel cutting?
1. Nozzle selection
The diameter of the nozzle determines the shape of the gas flow entering the incision, the gas diffusion area, and the gas flow rate, thereby affecting the removal of the melt and the stability of the cutting. The air flow entering the incision is large, the speed is fast, and the position of the workpiece in the air flow is appropriate, the stronger the ability of the jet to remove the melt. Under the fixed flow rate, different nozzle sizes, the thicker the stainless steel for monitoring air pressure, the larger the nozzle selection should be, the larger the proportional valve setting, and the larger the flow rate, the pressure can be ensured and the normal section effect can be cut.
2. Gas selection
Various auxiliary gases are often used in stainless steel laser cutting, such as oxygen, nitrogen, air, etc. Different types of gases are used, and the effect of the cutting section is different. Oxygen is a black section, air is light yellow, and nitrogen can keep the original color of stainless steel from being oxidized. Nitrogen is the preferred auxiliary gas for cutting stainless steel.
【Oxygen】Advantages: High cutting speed, capable of cutting thick sheets Purity recommendation: ≥99.999%
【Nitrogen】Advantages: Avoid oxidation of the cutting edge, so the workpiece does not need to be reprocessed Purity suggestion: ≥99.995%
3. Focus position
In order to ensure the cutting effect and protect the nozzle from damage, a coaxial test is required before cutting to ensure that the nozzle is coaxial with the output beam of the laser. Test method: paste the scotch tape on the end surface of the nozzle outlet, adjust the laser output power to punch holes, observe whether there is a center hole and the position of the center hole on the scotch tape, and adjust the adjustment screw on the handle of the mirror cavity synchronously until the laser is on The hole punched on the scotch tape coincides with the center of the nozzle.
The focus is different, and the thickness, material, and quality that can be cut are also different. Cutting different materials and thicknesses requires adjustment to different focuses. Before cutting, the actual zero focus is measured, and the cutting process parameters can be tested and analyzed based on the zero focus. Stainless steel cutting takes negative defocus as the main process selection direction.
4. Laser frequency adjustment and the effect of duty cycle on cutting quality
The influence of frequency change on the cutting of thick stainless steel plate:
The frequency decreases from 500-200Hz, the effect of the cutting section becomes finer, and the layering gradually improves. When the frequency is set to 100Hz, it cannot cut and anti-blue light. Find the best frequency range by changing the frequency. In order to ensure an optimal cutting profile, the number of pulses must be perfectly matched to the energy of a single pulse.
The effect of duty cycle change on stainless steel thick plate cutting:
The duty ratio of 53% is the critical value. If the duty ratio continues to decrease, there will be uncut marks on the lower surface. When the duty ratio increases to 60%, the section becomes rough, with obvious delamination, and the cut surface turns yellow.
Conclusion
Seiko produces fine work. Generally speaking, the influence of nozzle height, machine tool motion parameters, motion acceleration, running speed, material material, etc. Contribute to the improvement of laser cutting process. When the laser cutting capacity reaches 130 mm or even higher, the application industry will be further expanded.
How to cut aluminum plate safely?
Laser cutting aluminum can be reduced by some means to reduce the difficulty of cutting up, such as the surface of aluminum coated black, so as to reduce the degree of reflection of the aluminum plate, and then cut; at the same time another reason for the difficulty of cutting aluminum plate is that the parameters of the laser machine is not well adjusted, and ordinary metal materials compared to its cutting process is more difficult to grasp, the incision is rough and easy to hang slag.
In fact, such as aluminum and many other high-reverse materials, because the laser equipment is really sensitive to the return of light, there may be unstable operation or damage to the laser lens during processing, and the need for higher power lasers, greatly reducing the life of the laser. So, we do not use the laser cutting machine? Of course not! Aluminum plate in the processing process needs to pay attention to a number of situations, aluminum is not resistant to high temperatures, easy to burr when cutting, the processing process requires patient debugging, at the same time, pay attention to the speed can not be too fast, it is easy to burr phenomenon when cutting, and too slow cutting speed and may make the cut near the mouth of the crack, will likewise affect the quality of cutting.
In addition, when laser cutting aluminum plate is recommended to use nitrogen, because of the special color of aluminum and to protect the uniform color of the cut products, nitrogen can well prevent oxidation and retain the characteristics of the material itself, the use of nitrogen is a better choice. Cutting thickness 2000 cut 6-8, 4000 can cut 12, 6000 cut 16 below, choose fiber laser cutting machine is more suitable for cutting aluminum plate, its wavelength absorption of 1064nm is better.
How to cut copper plate safely?
Laser cutting machine how to cut copper plate
Highly reflective metal materials have always been more difficult to cut by laser cutting machines, including copper, aluminum, gold and other metal materials, these materials are also more common in our daily processing, to solve the metal laser cutting machine cutting highly reflective materials is now an important problem for many laser cutting machine manufacturers.
Why cutting highly reflective metal materials need to add auxiliary gas? When the laser cutting machine cutting metal copper, the addition of auxiliary gases and materials at high temperature conditions to produce a reaction to increase the cutting speed, for example, the use of oxygen can achieve the effect of fuel. Nitrogen in terms of laser cutting equipment, is to improve a cutting effect of auxiliary gases, for copper materials below 1MM, the use of laser cutting machine is fully capable of processing.
Therefore, in the use of laser cutting machine, do not worry about whether you can cut off, this time should focus on the processing effect, so the use of nitrogen as an auxiliary gas best. When the thickness of copper metal reaches 2MM, then the use of nitrogen is unable to process, at this time, you must add oxygen to oxidize it, in order to achieve cutting.
